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2018-06-28T19:44:41Z

1版をインポートしました

wiki>Urkokul: /* Bone types */

2014-09-07T09:16:26Z

‎Bone types

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{{Page/Header|2.5|Doc:2.5/Manual/Rigging/Armatures/Bones|Doc:2.5/Manual/Rigging/Armatures/Structure}}

= Armature visualization =
We have 5 basic bone visualization: Octahedral, Stick, B-Bone, Envelope and Wire:
[[File:Man2.5RiggingBonePrincipalsBoneDisplayOctahedral.png|thumb|300px|left|{{Literal|Octahedral}} bone display.]]

[[File:Man2.5RiggingBonePrincipalsBoneDisplayStick.png|thumb|300px|right|{{Literal|Stick}} bone display.]]
{{clr}}
[[File:Man2.5RiggingBonePrincipalsBoneDisplayBBone.png|thumb|300px|left|{{Literal|B-Bone}} bone display.]]

[[File:Man2.5RiggingBonePrincipalsBoneDisplayEnvelope.png|thumb|300px|right|{{Literal|Envelope}} bone display.]]

[[File:Man2.5RiggingBonePrincipalsBoneDisplayWire.png|thumb|300px|center|{{Literal|Wire}} bone display.]]
{{clr}}

= Display Panel =
{{RefBox
|mode={{Literal|Object}}, {{Literal|Edit}} and {{Literal|Pose}} modes
|panel={{Literal|Display}} {{Literal|Object Data}} context
|lang=en
}}

But let’s first see some general visualization properties of armatures, found in the {{Literal|Display}} panel of the {{Literal|Object data}} context.

[[File:Man2.5RiggingEditingObjectDataPropertyCxtDisplayPanel.png|thumb|250px|center|The {{Literal|Display}} panel.]]

== Bone types ==
{{clr}}
[[File:ManRiggingOctahedronEx3DViewEditMode.png|thumb|250px|right|A basic armature in {{Literal|Octahedron}} visualization, {{Literal|Edit}} mode.<br />Note the '''40°''' rolled <code>Bone.001</code> bone.]]

=== Octahedral bone ===

This is the default visualization, well suited for most of editing tasks. It materializes:
*The bone root (“big” end) and tip (“small” end).
*The bone “size” (its thickness is proportional to its length).
*The bone roll (as it has a square section).
{{clr}}

[[File:ManRiggingStickEx3DViewPoseMode.png|thumb|250px|right|The same armature in {{Literal|Stick}} visualization, {{Literal|Pose}} mode.<br />Note that <code>Bone.001</code> roll angle is not visible (except by its XZ axes).]]

=== Stick bone ===

This is the simplest and most non-intrusive visualization. It just materializes bones by sticks of constant (and small) thickness, so it gives you no information about root and tip, nor bone size or roll angle.
{{clr}}

[[File:ManRiggingBBoneEx3DViewEditMode.png|thumb|250px|right|The same armature in {{Literal|B-Bone}} visualization, {{Literal|Edit}} mode.]]

=== B-Bone bone ===

This visualization shows the curves of “smooth” multi-segmented bones; see the [[Doc:2.6/Manual/Rigging/Armatures/Bones#Bones Rigidity|bone page]] for details.
{{clr}}

[[File:ManRiggingEnvelopeEx3DViewPoseMode.png|thumb|250px|right|The {{Literal|Envelope}} visualization.]]

=== Envelope bone ===

This visualization materializes the bone deformation influence. More on this in the [[Doc:2.6/Manual/Rigging/Armatures/Bones#Bones Influence|bone page]].
{{clr}}

== Attributes ==
;{{Literal|Names}}
:When enabled, the name of each bone is drawn.

;{{Literal|Colors}}
:This is only relevant for {{Literal|Pose}} mode, and is described in detail [[Doc:2.6/Manual/Rigging/Posing/Visualization|there]].
{{clr}}

;{{Literal|Axes}}
:When enabled, the (local) axes of each bone are drawn (only relevant for {{Literal|Edit}} and {{Literal|Pose}} modes).

;{{Literal|X-Ray}}
:When enabled, the bones of the armature will always be drawn on top of the solid objects (meshes, surfaces, …) – i.e. they will always be visible and selectable (this is the same option as the one found in the {{Literal|Display}} panel of the {{Literal|Object data}} context. Very useful when not in {{Literal|Wireframe}} mode.

;{{Literal|Shapes}}
:When enabled, the default standard bone shape is replaced, in {{Literal|Object}} and {{Literal|Pose}} modes, by the shape of a chosen object (see [[#Shaped Bones|below]] for details).

;{{Literal|Delay Refresh}}
:When enabled, the bone doesn't deform its children when manipulating the bone in pose mode.

== Shaped Bones ==
{{RefBox
|mode={{Literal|Object}} and {{Literal|Pose}} modes
|panel={{Literal|Display}} panel from {{Literal|Bone}} context.
|lang=en
}}

Blender allows you to give to each bone of an armature a specific shape (in {{Literal|Object}} and {{Literal|Pose}} modes), using another object as “template”. First of all, you have to enable the {{Literal|Shapes}} button ({{Literal|Armature}} panel).

[[File:Man2.5RiggingEditingBoneCxtDisplayPanel.png|thumb|250px|center|The {{Literal|Display}} panel.]]
=== Attributes ===
;{{Literal|Wireframe}}
:When enabled, bone is displayed in wireframe mode regardles of the viewport drawing mode. Useful for non-obstructive custom bone chains.

;{{Literal|Hide}}
:Bone is not visible when not in {{Literal|Edit mode}}.

;{{Literal|Custom Shape}}
:Object that defines the custom shape of the selected bone.

;{{Literal|Custom At}}
:Bone that defines the display transform of this shape bone

To assign a custom shape to a bone, you have to:
*Switch to {{Literal|Pose}} mode ({{Shortcut|ctrl|Tab}}).
*Select the relevant bone ({{Shortcut|rmb}} click on it).
*Go to the {{Literal|Display}} panel {{Literal|Custom Shape}} field and select the 3D object previously created in the scene; in this example we are using a cube and a cone. Tou can optionally set the {{Literal|At}} field to another bone.

[[File:Man2.5RiggingEditingBoneCxtDisplayPanel2.png|thumb|250px|center|The {{Literal|Display}} panel.]]
{{clr}}

[[File:ManRiggingBoneShapeEx3DViewObjectMode.png|thumb|300px|left|The armature with shapes assigned to two bones, in {{Literal|Object}} mode.<br />Note the centers of the <code>Cone</code> and <code>Cube</code> objects.]]
[[File:ManRiggingBoneShapeEx3DViewPoseMode.png|thumb|300px|right|The same armature in {{Literal|Pose}} mode…]]
{{clr}}

Note that:
*These shapes will never be rendered – like any bone, they are only visible in 3D views.
*Even if any type of object seems to be accepted by the {{Literal|OB}} field (meshes, curves, even metas…), only meshes really work – all other types just make the bone invisible; nothing is drawn…
*The center of the shape object will be at the ''root of the bone'' (see the [[Doc:2.6/Manual/Rigging/Armatures/Bones|bone page]] for root/tip).
*The object properties of the shape are ignored (i.e. if you make a parallelepiped out of a cube by modifying its dimensions in {{Literal|Object}} mode, you’ll still have a cube shaped bone…).
*The “along bone” axis is the Y one, and the shape object is always scaled so that one Blender Unit stretches along the whole bone length.
*If you need to remove the custom shape of the bone, just right click in the {{Literal|Custom Shape}} field and select {{Literal|Reset to default value}} in the popup menu.

So to summarize all this, you should use meshes as shape objects, with their center at their lower-Y end, and an overall Y length of '''1.0''' BU.
{{clr}}

= Armature Layers =

{{RefBox
|mode={{Literal|Object}}, {{Literal|Edit}} and {{Literal|Pose}} modes
|panel={{Literal|Skeleton}} panel, {{Literal|Object data}} context
|lang=en
}}

[[File:Man2.5RiggingEditingObjectDataPropertyCxtSkeletonPanel.png|thumb|250px|center|The {{Literal|Skeleton}} panel.]]

Each armature has 32 “Armature layers” which allow you to organize your armature by “regrouping” sets of bones into layers; this works similar to scene layers (those containing your objects). You can then “move” a bone to a given layer, hide or show one or several layers, etc.

== Showing/hiding bone layers ==

Only bones in active layers will be visible/editable – but they will always be effective (i.e move objects or deform geometry), whether in an active layer or not. To (de)activate a layer, you have several options, depending in which mode you are in:
* In all modes, use the row of small buttons at the top of the {{Literal|Display Options}} group, {{Literal|Armature}} panel. If you want to enable/disable several layers at once, as usual, hold {{Shortcut|shift}} while clicking…
* In {{Literal|Edit}} and {{Literal|Pose}} modes, you can also do this from the {{Literal|3D View}}s, either by using the menu ({{Menu|Armature|Switch Armature Layers}} or {{Menu|Pose|Switch Armature Layers}}), or the {{Shortcut|shift|M}} shortcut, to display a small pop-up dialog containing the same buttons as described above (here again, you can use {{Shortcut|shift|lmb}} clicks to (de)select several layers at once).
{{clr}}
== Protected Layers ==
You can lock a given bone layer for all [[Doc:2.5/Manual/Data System/Linked Libraries#Proxy Objects|proxies]] of your armature, i.e. all bones in this layer won’t be editable. To do so, in the {{Literal|Skeleton}} panel, {{Shortcut|ctrl|lmb}} click on the relevant button, the layer lock will be enabled.

Protected layers in proxy are restored to proxy settings on file reload and undo.

= Bone Layers =
{{RefBox
|mode={{Literal|Object}}, {{Literal|Edit}} and {{Literal|Pose}} modes
|panel={{Literal|Relations}} panel {{Literal|Bone}} context
|lang=en
}}

[[File:Man2.5RiggingEditingBoneCxtRelationsPanel.png|thumb|250px|center|The {{Literal|Relations}} panel.]]

== Moving bones between layers ==

Obviously, you have to be in {{Literal|Edit}} or {{Literal|Pose}} modes to move bones between layers – note that as with objects, bones can lay in several layers at once, just use the usual {{Shortcut|shift|lmb}} clicks… First of all, you have to select the chosen bone(s)!
* In the {{Literal|Button}} window, use the “layer buttons” of each selected bone “sub-panel” ({{Literal|Armature Bones}} panel) to control in which layer(s) it lays.
* In the {{Literal|3D View}} window, use the menu ({{Menu|Armature|Move Bone To Layer}} or {{Menu|Pose|Move Bone To Layer}}) or hit {{Shortcut|M}} to show the usual pop-up layers dialog. Note that this way, ''you assign the same layers to all selected bones''.
{{clr}}

= Hiding Bones =

{{RefBox
|mode={{Literal|Edit}} and {{Literal|Pose}} modes
|panel={{Literal|Display}} panel, {{Literal|Bone}} context
|lang=en
}}

[[File:Man2.5RiggingEditingBoneCxtDisplayPanel.png|thumb|250px|center|The {{Literal|Display}} panel.]]

You do not have to use bone layers to show/hide some bones. As with objects, vertices or control points, you can use the {{Shortcut|H}} key:
*{{Shortcut|H}} will hide the selected bone(s).
*{{Shortcut|shift|H}} will hide all bones ''but the selected one(s)''.
*{{Shortcut|alt|H}} will show all hidden bones.

You can also use the {{Literal|Hide}} check button of the {{Literal|Display}} panel, {{Literal|Bone}} context).

Note that hidden bones are specific to a mode – i.e. you can hide some bones in {{Literal|Edit}} mode, they will still be visible in {{Literal|Pose}} mode, and vice-versa. Hidden bone in {{Literal|Pose}} mode are also invisible in {{Literal|Object}} mode. And in {{Literal|Edit}} mode, the bone to hide must be fully selected, not just his root or tip…
{{clr}}

{{Page/Footer|Doc:2.5/Manual/Rigging/Armatures/Bones|Doc:2.5/Manual/Rigging/Armatures/Structure}}

[[Category:Rigging]]
[[Category:Armatures]]

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wiki>Urkokul: /* Bone types */

Yamyam: 1版をインポートしました