利用者:Sculptorjim/Game Engine/Physics/Objects/Soft Body

Soft Body Physics Object Type

The most advanced type of object in the Game Engine. Also, it is the most finicky. If you are used to the fun experimentation that comes from playing around with the non-BGE Soft Body sims (such as Cloth), you will probably find a frustrating lack of options and exciting results. Do not despair, we are here to help you get some reasonable settings.

Your setup will involve making sure you have sufficient geometry in the Soft Body's mesh to support the deformation, as well as tweaking the options.

In the example game demo, Frijoles, the Soft Body type is represented by the decorative checkered flag at the top of the level.

For more documentation, see the Top BGE Physics page.

Options

• Actor - Enables detection by Near and Radar Sensors.
  • Default: On.
  • Python property: obj.game.use_actor
• Ghost - Disables collisions completely, similar to No Collision.
  • Default: Off.
  • Python property: obj.game.use_ghost
• Invisible - Does not display, the same as setting the object to unrendered (such as unchecking the "Camera" icon in the Outliner).
  • Demo: The "ClothCatcher" object in top of Frijoles.blend
  • Default: Off.
  • Python property: obj.use_render
• Mass - Affects the reaction due to collision between objects -- more massive objects have more inertia. Will also affect material force fields. Will also change behaviors if you are using the suspension and steering portions of Bullet physics.
  • Demo: The three different Boulder sizes in Frijoles.blend
  • Range: 0.01-10,000.
  • Default: 1.
  • Python property: obj.game.mass

• Shape Match - Upon starting the Game Engine this will record the starting shape of the mesh as the "lowest energy" state. This means that the edges will have tension whenever they are flexed to some other form. This is set to on by default, and in this configuration turns the object into more of a thin sheet of metal rather than a cloth.
  • Demo: BGE-Physics-Objects-SoftBodies_ShapeMatchAndLinearStiffness.blend
  • Default: On.
  • Code effect: When on, it will call btSoftBody::setPose(false,true)
  • Python property: obj.game.soft_body.use_shape_match
  • Suboption: Threshold - Linearly scales the pose match
    • A threshold of 1.0 makes it behave like Shape Match on with a Linear Stiffness of 1.0.
    • A threshold of 0.0 makes it behave like Shape Match off with a Linear Stiffness of 0.0.
    • Range: 0-1.
    • Default: 0.5.
    • Code effect: Sets btSoftBody::Config::kMT.
    • Python property: obj.game.soft_body.shape_threshold
• Welding - [Note: Seems to not be hooked up. Blender will tell Bullet to weld any time you enable Soft Body. Look at BL_BlenderDataConversion.cpp where objprop.m_soft_weldingis hard-coded to 0.0f]
• Position Iteration - Increase the accuracy at a linearly-increasing expense of time. The effect is visible especially with Soft Bodies that fall on sharp corners, though this can slow down even very simple scenes.
  • Demo: A situation where only the max setting of 10 works correctly: BGE-Physics-Objects-SoftBodies_PositionIterations.blend.
  • Range: 0-10.
  • Default: 2.
  • Code effect: Represents the number of times this loop is run.
  • Python property: obj.game.soft_body.location_iterations
• Linear Stiffness - Linear stiffness of the soft body links. This is most evident when you have Shape Match off, but it is also evident with it on.
  • Demo: BGE-Physics-Objects-SoftBodies_ShapeMatchAndLinearStiffness.blend
  • Range: 0-1.
  • Default: 0.5.
  • Python property: obj.game.soft_body.linear_stiffness
• Friction - Dynamic friction coefficient. TODO: Learn/demo/explain.
  • Code effect: Sets btSoftBody::Config::kMT, which, for Soft Bodies, defines the minimum friction versus the Material Friction (which in turn defaults to 0.5).
  • Range: 0-1.
  • Default: 0.2.
  • Python property: obj.game.soft_body.dynamic_friction
• Margin - Small value makes the algorithm unstable. TODO: Learn/demo/explain.
  • Range: 0.01-1.
  • Default: 0.01.
  • Python property: obj.game.soft_body.collision_margin
• Bending Constraint - Enable Bending Constraints TODO: Learn/demo/explain.
  • Default: On.
  • Python property: obj.game.soft_body.use_bending_constraints
• Cluster Collision - Affects Collision sensors as well as physics.
  • Demo: BGE-Physics-Objects-SoftBodies_ClusterRigidToSoftBody.blend for a demonstration of the effect on the Collision Sensor. There you will observe the "Rigid to Soft Body" off, then on with Iterations of 1, 64, and 128. The Off and Iterations: 1 cases do not register collisions, and the other two do (though they send their poor Cubes flying into space).
  • Demo of badness: Manual-BGE-Physics-SoftBody_BadClusterCollisions.blend‎ - four different ways of making misconfigured Soft Body objects.
  • Suboption: Rigid to Soft Body - Enable cluster collisions between Rigid and Soft Bodies.
    • Default: Off.
    • Python property: obj.game.soft_body.use_cluster_rigid_to_softbody
  • Suboption: Soft to Soft Body - Enable cluster collisions among Soft Bodies.
    • Default: Off.
    • Python property: obj.game.soft_body.use_cluster_soft_to_softbody
  • Suboption: Iterations - Number of cluster iterations.
    • Range: 1-128.
    • Default: 64.
    • Python property: obj.game.soft_body.cluster_iterations

Hints

• A very important configurable in the case of Soft Body interactions is World properties » Physics » Physics Steps » Substeps. In the test .blend here: Manual-BGE-Physics-SoftBody_PhysicsSteps.blend, you can see the behavior at various Substep levels:
  1. The default level. The Grid object goes straight through the cube, hardly slowing down at all.
  2. The Grid slows upon hitting the Cube's top face, and stops fully on the bottom face.
  3. The Grid stops at the top face, but two opposite Cube corners are visible.
  4. ...no perceptible difference.
  5. Finally a working sim. This is good, because it is the maximum step level.
• Surprisingly, the more vertices you have in your hit object, the less likely the Soft Body is to react with it. If you try letting it hit a Plane, it might stop, but a subdivided Grid might fail.

Goal Weights

TODO: http://www.blender.org/documentation/blender_python_api_2_62_release/bpy.ops.curve.html#bpy.ops.curve.spline_weight_set

Force Fields

A common practice within the non-BGE Cloth simulator is to employ Force Fields to animate the cloth.

These do not work in the BGE, so you will have to figure out a way to use Python (or perhaps plain Logic Bricks) to apply forces to the Soft Body objects.

All Types

Comparison Table - No Collision | Static | Dynamic | Rigid Body | Soft Body